Inventions and Design

From The Transponder - various pages.

 

 

The digital revolution is driving down the cost of hardware and software such

that producing competent in-house videos and multimedia is no longer an

option for large organizations with big budgets. Many small firms and

organizations are now recognizing the benefits represented by the continuing

array of low cost, high quality, nonlinear editing and broadcast-quality

recording equipment.

 

"Broadcast quality" is one of those terms melding value judgment with

technical criteria. For our purposes, it signifies audible and visible production

features comparable to what you are used to seeing on a commercial medium

such as cable. The acceptable threshold, given the demands of conventional

editing technology, was realized through Beta or 3/4-inch tape; however, many

popular cable shows such as "Next Step" on Discovery get quality results from

Hi-8 equipment, as well as economy.

 

Relatively inexpensive digital platforms are available to the trainer as well as

moderately expensive – but powerful – tools for producing video

approximating near-broadcast quality. There are no algorithmic -type solutions

to what hardware and software ensemble is best for producing your training

videos. It depends on too many factors, not the least of which is "shelf-life."

Any electronic equipment purchased today will be obsolete in a year or two.

However, you can be doing incredibly low-cost quality work – fast. Moreover,

"digital" means you can produce without worrying about time-based

corrections, "gen-loss" and similar artifacts of the analog world of videotape

production.

 

The digital tools now available give you enough freedom to create, depending

on your budget for time and money, extremely complex videos complete with

titles, graphics, wipes, dissolves, even a bit of animation. You can also create a

busy sequence of eye candy that does little to accomplish your objective.

Hollywood proves this truism 26 times a second in their productions. But let

us assume that you have a focused training objective and working script for

your project.

 

Budget constraints formerly required that you rely on professionals who knew

what could be done with limited resources of time, money and technology. For

example, the time-consuming process of rendering special effects through

dedicated electronic hardware will continue to shorten. Just as you no longer

need to wait for your film to return from the lab to check the results of your

training film footage, you do not need to wait overnight for a ray-tracing

program to render your 3-D animation sequence.

 

It is becoming easier to see and test the effectiveness of a concept, visually and

aurally expressed. The gap between concept and execution will also continue to

narrow. The promise is that trainers will have more freedom to articulate their

training objective. The sobering corollary is that more trainers will be able to

produce more awful videos more quickly than ever before. Let the flowers

bloom.

 

The most cost-effective ensemble on the market entails a PC or Mac with the

fastest chip speed available and at least 24 MB of RAM, and 1 MB of RAM

dedicated to your video output. You can get by with less, but the processing

time required cancels out any savings gained from going in-house.

 

Keeping at the low end of the budget spectrum, you can now effectively

produce useful videos with a PC computer, monitor, video camera, wireless

mike, VHS tape decks, and storage back-up system. Useful. Not Hollywood

pretty, but it can be professional enough that it will not detract but actually

enhance your instructional message. The quality of the message depends on

good ideas verbally and graphically expressed, ultimately on the screens. No

amount of money can compensate for this factor.

 

While there is a fundamental "apple and oranges" disparity in comparing Macs

with PC’s, the golden rule for business always entails time equals money.

Years ago, Macs’ premium prices meant that you paid, up-front, in money

what you saved in time by using the Mac. And for in-house multimedia

producers who would rather be "lensing" their first video than waiting

endlessly for technical support to find out to solve a SSCI conflict, something

like the Performa/Video editing suite has workstation potential with a

Notebook price tag.

 

Plus, numerous peripherals, purchased separately, often conflict, requiring

quick, often inadequate kluging. The time saved by minimal fussing with

hardware and software compatibility alone makes the Macintosh Performa

packages attractive. The feature shocks include built-in Apple TV system,

fax/modem, 8x CD, 16-bit sound, and integrated sub woofer. The sound

processing component is configured to allow for multiple audio tracks; for

example, you can add canned CD music or voice-overs to your video tape

much more readily than with an increasingly awkward MacroMedia Director.

But the built-in Avid Cinema board and software is the key element that could

have you realizing your cinematic training vision quickly.

 

The Avid board gives you the means to edit your video tape, add transitions

(dissolves, wipes, etc.), titles, sound, special effects. It inputs video in NTSC,

PAL, or SECAM formats and outputs in what they term "near VHS quality

full screen video"– meaning useful for routine training topics, but certainly not

ready for prime time.

 

The software helps you plan and draft a workable "shooting" script, providing

storyboard templates, little cartoon sketches representing the scenes to be set

up and taped. Suggested angles for camera shots and tips for getting from one

scene to the next will get you started even if you have no experience at

video-making.

 

The Avid board provides Motion JPEG compression and decompression, so

while you can edit frame by frame this pushes the system to the limits of its

200-MHz processor and storage, (2.4 Gigabits sounds like a lot to most people

today, but that is as inadequate as the 32 MB RAM). For serious digital

storage, invest in a RAID (Random Array Information Device) a jukebox of

synchronized hard discs providing greater randomized access for editing your

video sequences. Planned properly, you can compose with minimal demands

on digital storage.

 

The new array of high-end multimedia notebooks also permits low-cost video

productions. The IBM multimedia Thinkpad has NTSC and PAL input and

outputs. For on-the-road trainers, this means you could revise and edit

sequences in your presentation or digitized slide show on the road with as little

as a camera, recording deck and Notebook.

 

Even the scan converter proves an excellent tool for multimedia applications

beyond presentations. An animated sequence, or simply a how-to sequence of

desktop PC training can be quickly recorded and stored on any recorder with a

scan converter. [See Sidebar] This is far cheaper than buying an editing deck or

video card. Granted you will get some degradation and signal loss when you

edit and step down, but that holds true for any analog tape session. If you have

a video board installed on your desktop PC, you can take the board’s input, add

titling, graphics, etc. and then output for monitoring and storage. While the

copyright issue may be problematic, you can record graphics and action

sequences you designed from utilities such as found in After Dark, certainly

for non-commercial uses.

 

Best results will come from using people comfortable with digitized .

information processing tools – PCs. Videos for training, more so than any

other training medium employed, must have visual impact as compelling as

its content. The digital revolution has been around long enough to create an

audience, your viewers, who may not know what "production values" are but

who do know what looks good on the screen. The new digital equipment will

make your video look good; the rest is up to you.